Biography of Li HongzhangChapter 1: IntroductionKey points: - Background of the book: Liang Qichao went into exile overseas after the Wuxu coup, and was deeply distressed about state affairs. He hoped to reveal the gains and losses of Qing Dynasty politics through his comments on Li. - Li Hongzhang&39;s status: One of the most influential politicians and military strategists in the late Qing Dynasty, he was regarded as a representative figure of China at that time. - Purpose and expectation: Through the commentary on Li Hongzhang&39;s life and deeds, provide historical lessons and find a way out for China&39;s future. Chapter 2: Li Hongzhang&39;s positionKey points: - Background of the times: Li Hongzhang lived in the late Qing Dynasty, with internal and external troubles, and the country was at the end of the feudal system. - Relationship with Zeng Guofan: He was a student of Zeng Guofan and was deeply influenced by him, but he surpassed him in some aspects. - Reform pioneer: Li Hongzhang was the main promoter of the Westernization Movement, trying to revitalize China by learning Western technology. Chapter 3: Li Hongzhang’s situation before and during his arrival in ChinaKey points: - Early life: Li Hongzhang’s early academic and martial arts training laid the foundation for his subsequent political career. - Domestic and foreign pressure: Introduces the internal and external difficulties in the late Qing Dynasty and Li Hongzhang’s response measures under such circumstances. Chapter 4: Li Hongzhang, a military strategist (Part 1) Key points: - Military career: From suppressing the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom to foreign wars, details Li Hongzhang’s military command and strategy. - Military reform: Li Hongzhang’s modernization of the Qing Dynasty’s army. Chapter 5: Li Hongzhang, a military strategist (Part 2) Key points: - Sino-Japanese War: Analyze Li Hongzhang’s strategic mistakes in the Sino-Japanese War and the impact of the war. - Military activities in his later years: Li Hongzhang’s attitude and actions in the Boxer Rebellion in his later years. Chapter 6: Li Hongzhang in the Westernization EraKey points: - Westernization Movement: The Westernization Movement promoted by Li Hongzhang, including reforms in industry, education, diplomacy, etc. - Achievements and limitations: Evaluation of the achievements of the Westernization Movement and the fundamental issues that were not touched upon. Chapter 7: Li Hongzhang in the Sino-Japanese War EraKey points: - The First Sino-Japanese War: A detailed description of the process of the First Sino-Japanese War, Li Hongzhang&39;s role and influence. - The Treaty of Shimonoseki: An analysis of the signing of the Treaty of Shimonoseki, and an evaluation of Li Hongzhang&39;s responsibility. Chapter 8: Li Hongzhang as a DiplomatKey points: - Sino-foreign relations: The many diplomatic activities led by Li Hongzhang, and his ability to handle diplomatic crises. - Evaluation and influence: An evaluation of his foreign policy and his influence on future generations. Chapter 9: Li Hongzhang in the Idle EraKey points: - Retired life: Li Hongzhang&39;s living conditions and political attitudes after retirement. - Legacy and Evaluation: A comprehensive evaluation of Li Hongzhang&39;s life, as well as his place and legacy in history.

20 wonderful sentences or paragraphs selected from "The Biography of Li Hongzhang" are numbered and presented as follows according to your requirements: 1. "Li Hongzhang will be the pillar of the Qing Dynasty." - This sentence foreshadows Li Hongzhang's important position and role in the political arena of the late Qing Dynasty. 2. "His (Li Hongzhang) life is a history of diplomacy in the late Qing Dynasty." - It highly summarizes the close connection between Li Hongzhang's personal history and diplomacy in the late Qing Dynasty. 3. "Li Hongzhang, often called 'Li Zhongtang' by the world, was appointed as the Grand Secretary of Wenhua Palace, the highest position among officials." - It explains Li Hongzhang's prominent position in the court. 4. "To manage foreign affairs, peace with the enemy is the key. Li Hongzhang is well aware of this, so he can deal with the powers." - It reveals Li Hongzhang's basic principles for handling diplomatic affairs. 5. "The Beiyang Fleet was the hard work of Li Hongzhang. Unfortunately, it was destroyed in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895." - This expresses Li Hongzhang's deep feelings for the Beiyang Fleet and his regret for the defeat. 6. "Li Hongzhang once said: 'I have been doing all my life, training soldiers and the navy, but they are all paper tigers.'" - This reflects Li Hongzhang's profound understanding of the military power of the late Qing Dynasty. 7. "Li Hongzhang was the host of both the Tianjin Treaty and the Shimonoseki Treaty. Although he endured humiliation and bore heavy burdens, it was difficult to turn the tide." - This summarizes Li Hongzhang's helpless role in signing unequal treaties. 8. "Li Hongzhang was in the midst of a 'change that has not happened in four thousand years' and tried his best to adapt to it." - This highlights Li Hongzhang's positive attitude in the face of changes in the times. 9. "'Chinese learning as the basis, Western learning for practical use', this is the purpose of Li Hongzhang's Westernization Movement." - This clarifies Li Hongzhang's guiding ideology in the Westernization Movement. 10. "Li Hongzhang lived in Shanghai in his later years, but he still cared about state affairs and never forgot his worries for the country." - This describes Li Hongzhang's patriotic feelings in his later years. 11. "In negotiations with the powers, Li Hongzhang often used his wit and eloquence to win a ray of hope for the country." - This praises Li Hongzhang's wisdom and talent in diplomatic negotiations. 12. "Li Hongzhang knew how to appoint people well, such as Zuo Zongtang and Liu Mingchuan, who were all promoted by him and went down in history." - This reflects Li Hongzhang's unique ability in identifying and appointing people. 13. "The title of 'Prime Minister of Hefei' is not only because of his high achievements and prominent position, but also because he was from Hefei, Anhui." - This explains the origin of Li Hongzhang's title of "Prime Minister of Hefei". 14. "Li Hongzhang loved reading, and he never stopped reading even though he was busy with government affairs." - This shows Li Hongzhang's tireless love of learning. 15. "After the defeat in the First Sino-Japanese War, Li Hongzhang took the blame on himself, which shows his concern for the country." - Describes Li Hongzhang's self-blame and concern for the country after the defeat in the First Sino-Japanese War. 16. "Li Hongzhang once traveled to Europe and the United States, which broadened his horizons and gave him a deep understanding of Western civilization." - Explains Li Hongzhang's open attitude towards Western civilization. 17. "'Using barbarians to control barbarians' is Li Hongzhang's diplomatic strategy." - Reveals a strategy of Li Hongzhang in diplomacy. 18. "Li Hongzhang's words and deeds often cause controversy among people of the time. However, his patriotism is beyond doubt." - Objectively evaluates Li Hongzhang's merits and demerits throughout his life. 19. "Li Hongzhang's last words before his death: 'After I die, there will be chaos.' His foresight is admirable." - Demonstrates Li Hongzhang's profound foresight of the current situation. 20. “Li Hongzhang’s life had both merits and demerits, but his influence on the history of the late Qing Dynasty was far-reaching and significant.” - This summarizes Li Hongzhang’s important position and influence in the history of the late Qing Dynasty.

Title: Liang Qichao: A multifaceted historical figure and outstanding writer Liang Qichao is an outstanding writer, thinker, politician, educator and reformer in modern Chinese history.< His life is full of legends.

He not only left a deep mark on the political stage, but also showed outstanding talent in literary creation.< This article will introduce this multifaceted historical figure from multiple perspectives.

Personal basic information Liang Qichao (February 23, 1873 - January 19, 1929), with the courtesy name Zhuoru and the pseudonym Rengong, was from Xinhui, Guangdong.

He was smart and studious since childhood and was deeply influenced by Confucian culture.<

Education and professional background Liang Qichao received traditional education in his hometown in his early years, and later entered Guangya Academy in Guangzhou for further study.

His academic career was closely linked to Kang Youwei.< The two jointly promoted the Reform Movement of 1898 (1898), trying to save the Qing Dynasty through reform.

After the failure of the reform, Liang Qichao went into exile in Japan and continued to engage in academic research and political activities.<

Writing career Liang Qichao's writing career began in his youth.

His works cover many fields such as politics, history, philosophy, and literature.< Among them, "The Biography of Li Hongzhang" is one of his representative works.

The book comprehensively evaluates Li Hongzhang's life with detailed historical materials and profound insights.<

Style and theme of works Liang Qichao's writing style is vigorous and passionate, and he is good at using historical allusions and philosophical thinking.

The themes of his works mostly revolve around the fate of the country, the rejuvenation of the nation, and personal responsibility and commitment.< In "The Biography of Li Hongzhang", Liang Qichao not only made an in-depth analysis of Li Hongzhang's political career, but also made a comprehensive evaluation of his personality traits and historical status.

Personal life Liang Qichao's personal life is relatively simple.

His family life is also relatively low-key, but he attaches great importance to the education of his children, and his children later achieved success in their respective fields.<

Social influence Liang Qichao's thoughts and works have had a profound impact on China's modern history.

The "New Culture Movement" and "May Fourth Movement" he advocated played a key role in the formation of modern Chinese culture.< At the same time, his political propositions and reform ideas also had an important impact on the subsequent political development of China.

Quotes and evaluations Authoritative media and experts generally give positive evaluations of Liang Qichao.

" Historian Chen Yinke praised his "Biography of Li Hongzhang" for its "detailed historical materials and unique insights.< " ### Latest News Although Liang Qichao has passed away for many years, his thoughts and works still have a wide impact in academia and the public.

In recent years, research and discussion on Liang Qichao are still active, and his works have been reprinted and translated many times to meet the needs of different readers.< Liang Qichao's life is full of legends.

He not only left a deep mark on the political stage, but also showed outstanding talent in literary creation.< His works and thoughts still inspire countless readers and scholars.